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Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire
, Nitinol superelastic wire
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Superelastic Nickel Titanium Alloy Wire with Shape Memory Effect for Medical Grade Applications
1. Introduction:
Nickel titanium wire, also known as NiTi wire or Nitinol wire, is a functional alloy mainly composed of nickel and titanium.
It is well known for its shape memory effect and superelasticity.
Depending on the transformation temperature and processing condition, NiTi wire can be used for medical devices, orthodontic wires, actuators, springs, eyeglass frames, temperature control components and smart mechanical structures.
2. Common names:
| Grade |
Name |
Main Characteristics |
| NiTi |
Nickel Titanium Alloy |
General purpose nickel-titanium alloy |
| Nitinol |
Nickel Titanium Naval Ordnance Laboratory |
Common commercial name for nickel-titanium shape memory alloys |
| Superelastic NiTi |
Superelastic NiTi |
Superelastic nickel-titanium wire with high elastic recovery at room temperature |
| Shape Memory NiTi |
Shape Memory NiTi |
Shape memory nickel-titanium wire that returns to its original shape after heating |
| Medical Grade NiTi |
Medical Grade NiTi |
Nitinol Nickel-titanium wire for medical devices |
| Actuator Grade NiTi |
Actuator Grade NiTi |
Nickel-titanium wire for actuators/drivers |
Generally, we calculate the unit price based on the diameter, phase transition temperature (Af), surface condition, usage condition, and standard/application provided by the customer.
3. Main Chemical content:
| Chemical |
Content |
| Ni |
54.5~57 wt%
|
| Ti |
Bal. |
4. The most commonly used parameter in purchasing and applications is:
Af temperature: Austenite finish temperature
Simple explanation:
- Af below room temperature: the material usually shows superelastic behavior at room temperature.
- Af above room temperature: the material is easier to deform at room temperature and recovers its shape after heating, showing shape memory behavior
Common Af temperature ranges:
| Type |
Af Temperature |
Typical Applications |
| Superelastic type |
Approx. -20°C to +20°C |
Medical stents, eyeglass frames, elastic components |
| Low-temperature shape memory type |
30°C–45°C |
Temperature-control springs, toys, demonstration materials |
| Medium-temperature shape memory type |
45°C–70°C |
Actuators, switches, automatic reset structures |
| High-temperature shape memory type |
70°C–100°C or higher |
Special industrial temperature-control components |
5. Main Features of Nickel Titanium Wire
5.1 Shape Memory Effect
Nickel titanium wire can be stretched or bent at a lower temperature, and then return to its preset shape when heated.
5.2 Superelasticity
Some nickel titanium wires can undergo large deformation at room temperature and then recover automatically.
5.3 Good Corrosion Resistance
Nickel titanium alloy forms a stable titanium oxide film on its surface, giving it good corrosion resistance, especially in medical and humid environments.
5.4 Good Biocompatibility
Medical-grade nickel titanium wire is widely used in implantable and interventional medical devices, such as:
- Vascular stents
- Orthodontic wires
- Guide wires
- Orthopedic fixation components
For medical applications, the material must meet relevant standards and certification requirements. Ordinary industrial-grade material should not be used as a substitute.
5.5 Relatively High Electrical Resistivity and Joule Heating Capability
Nickel titanium wire can be heated by electric current to reach its transformation temperature and generate mechanical movement. Therefore, it can also be used as a simple electrothermal actuator.
6. Applications of Nickel Titanium Wire
- Medical devices
- Dental orthodontics
- Eyeglass industry
- Industrial temperature control
- Robotics and smart materials
- Aerospace
- Electronics and electrical appliances
- Teaching and experiments
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